Manuals, Documentation, and Associated Materials
Manuals that support physical, born-digital, and hybrid-digital museum objects, including technical manuals and that may contain diagrams, images, videos and more. Manuals may include those specifically created for the object, and/or from the supplier or manufacturer (and may exist for the entire object, or for each component part). Covered here is other documentation critical for the management, preservation, access, and display of collections objects, including conservation records. Associated materials (such as sidecar or other technical files) can provide insight into the digital content held in the collection. Encompassed in this entry is both information for internal use, supporting outgoing loans, as well as an information source for current and future researchers.
Examples
Manuals created for the object and/or from the supplier or manufacturer; conservation records and other forms of documentation.
Hazards
Poor documentation; lack of preservation planning; held in proprietary file formats; uncertainty over IPR or the presence of orphaned works
Out of BandMitigations
Strong documentation; preservation capability; open source or commonly used file formats
Bit List History
Added to list: 2023Last Review
2023 Review
This entry was added in 2019 under ‘Digital Materials in Museums and Galleries’ and previously rescoped in 2021 to ‘Supporting Digital Materials for Museums and Galleries’.
The 2023 Bit List Council superseded the entry, splitting it into six discrete entries as the scope of the single entry was too broad to provide the guidance needed. The recommendation to break this entry down was also made by the 2021 Jury, as the types of digital collections content in museums can be vast and offer particular risks in museum and gallery contexts. For museum objects (including physical, born-digital, and hybrid-digital) a manual for the object may be critical to being able to provide access to, display, and/or maintain, regardless of whether the object is being retained in a museum collection as a ‘working’ or ’non-working’ object, which can be dependent on the types of materials the object is constructed from. For complex objects - physical and digital - there can be a significant dependency on these manuals and similar documentation. The extreme result of not having access to a manual may be that the object is unable to be maintained or displayed in the future. Associated materials may provide technical insight for both internal use and for researchers. For certain researchers, manuals and documentation may provide critical insight, and be of more value to the research than the object itself.
2024 Interim Review
These risks remain on the same basis as before, with no significant trend towards even greater or reduced risk (‘No change’ to trend).
While scores should remain as is currently, the Council recommends a more thorough investigation as to where these manuals and other documentation are stored, especially where museums don’t have an Electronic Document and Records Management System (EDRMS) for managing born-digital and digitised internal corporate information and records.
For more complex digital objects held in museums, especially interactive, AR/VR/MR/XR etc., the range of documentation in addition to a tech manual may be vast, and so a more thorough review should be undertaken of this category in 2025, incorporating a wider range of museums that represent a wide range of sectors (not only art museums).
Case Studies & Examples
- How Are Museums Using Artificial Intelligence?, Styx, L. (2024), Museum Next [accessed at 2024-09-06].